帕馬語族

帕馬語族
地理分佈 澳大利亞昆士蘭州約克角半島
譜系學分類 帕瑪-努干語系
  • 帕馬語族
分支
Glottolog pama1251[1]
Paman languages.png
帕馬語族(綠色)和其他帕瑪-努干語系(棕褐色)

帕馬語族屬於帕瑪-努干語系,主要分布在澳大利亞昆士蘭州約克角半島,最早由語言學家肯尼斯·黑爾提出。 

分類

帕馬語族能夠被細分為以下幾個語支: [4]

順著東海岸分別為:

  • 北約克角帕馬語支 (Northern Paman and Umpila)
  • 烏姆賓德哈姆語支 (Umbindhamu) (†)
  • 拉馬拉米克語支(Lamalamic): Umbuygamu (†), Lama-Lama (幾近絕跡) (密切關聯)
  • 雅爾加拉瓦語支 (Yalgawarra) (分布於弗林德斯島) (†)
  • 雅蘭吉克語支(Yalanjic): Guugu Yimidhirr, Gugu Yalandyi, Barrow Point (†)
  • 姆拉里曼-古丁馬語支(Mbariman-Gudhinma) (Gugu Warra) (內陸) (†)
  • 迪亞布加逸語支(Djabugay) (†)

順著西海岸分別為:

  • 北約克角帕馬語支 (Northern Paman and Umpila) 
  • 西南帕馬語支 (Southwestern) (See)Gurdjar language
  • 科克納爾語支 (Kok Narr) (†)
  • 諾爾曼-帕馬語支(Norman Paman): 葛地爾語丘森特語(密切相關)
  • 古加迪語支(Gugadj) (†)

在內陸還有:

  • Thaypan (Rarmul Pama, closely related): Thaypan (?Rarmul) (nearly extinct), Aghu Tharrnggala (†), Ikarranggali–Alungul–Angkula (†), Takalak (†)
  • Southern: Agwamin (†), Mbabaram (†), Mbara (†), Walangama (†)

另見

參考資料

  1. ^ Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin; Bank, Sebastian (編). Paman. Glottolog 2.7. Jena: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History. 2016. 
  2. ^ Hale, Kenneth L. Classification of Northern Paman Languages, Cape York Peninsula, Australia; A Research Report. Oceanic Linguistics (Oceanic Linguistics, Vol. 3, No. 2). 1964, 3 (2): 248–265. JSTOR 3622881. doi:10.2307/3622881. 
  3. ^ Hale, Kenneth L. The Paman group of the Pama–Nyungan phylic family. Appendix to Languages of the World: Indo-Pacific Fascicle Six, by G.N. O'Grady, C. F. & F.M. Voegelin. Anthropological Linguistics. 1966, 8 (2): 162–197. 
  4. ^ See Dixon (2002), pp. xxx–xlii.

參考文獻

Dixon, R. M. W. Australian Languages: Their Nature and Development. 2002. 

Paman